{"id":293625,"date":"2022-07-04T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-07-04T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rtrsports.com\/k-cemu-je-formule-1-zavody-nehody-bezpecnost\/"},"modified":"2026-09-23T10:40:21","modified_gmt":"2026-09-23T08:40:21","slug":"k-cemu-je-formule-1-zavody-nehody-bezpecnost","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rtrsports.com\/cs\/blog\/what-serves-the-formula-1\/","title":{"rendered":"K \u010demu je Formule 1? Z\u00e1vody, nehody, bezpe\u010dnost"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dvac\u00e1t\u00e9ho dev\u00e1t\u00e9ho listopadu 2020 ztr\u00e1c\u00ed na okruhu Bahrain International Circuit v Sakhiru Haas Romaina Grosjeana kontrolu p\u0159i 241 km\/h, nar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed do svodidla p\u0159i 192 km\/h se \u0161pi\u010dkou 67 g, proraz\u00ed je a vzplane. O dvacet sedm sekund pozd\u011bji vych\u00e1z\u00ed jezdec z plamen\u016f po vlastn\u00edch nohou. T\u0159et\u00edho \u010dervence 2022 dost\u00e1v\u00e1 v Silverstone Alfa Romeo Zhou Guanyua r\u00e1nu v prvn\u00ed zat\u00e1\u010dce, p\u0159evrac\u00ed se a klou\u017ee vzh\u016fru koly a\u017e k bari\u00e9\u0159e z pneumatik. Po z\u00e1vod\u011b Zhou mluv\u00ed se sv\u00fdm t\u00fdmem v boxov\u00e9 uli\u010dce bez zran\u011bn\u00ed. To jsou dv\u011b nehody, kter\u00e9 l\u00e9pe ne\u017e jak\u00e1koli tiskov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va vysv\u011btluj\u00ed, k \u010demu je Formule 1.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aktualizov\u00e1no v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2026.<\/em><\/p>\n

Dva mu\u017ei, kte\u0159\u00ed m\u011bli zem\u0159\u00edt<\/h2>\n

U t\u011bch dvou zastaven\u00fdch obraz\u016f stoj\u00ed za to se zdr\u017eet, proto\u017ee vypr\u00e1v\u011bj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 v\u011bci. Grosjean p\u0159e\u017eil d\u00edky kombinaci karbonov\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed bu\u0148ky, kter\u00e1 vydr\u017eela n\u00e1raz 67 g do trojit\u00e9ho svodidla, a neho\u0159lav\u00e9 kombin\u00e9zy, je\u017e mu poskytla \u010das dostat se z po\u017e\u00e1ru o teplot\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 by kohokoli zabily b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika sekund. L\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va uv\u00e1d\u00ed pop\u00e1leniny na h\u0159betech obou rukou, v\u00fdron lev\u00e9ho kotn\u00edku a n\u011bkolik pohmo\u017ed\u011bnin. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 zlomeniny.<\/p>\n

Zhou p\u0159e\u017eil d\u00edky dev\u00edti kilogram\u016fm titanu, kter\u00e9 je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed p\u00e1r lety cht\u011bla velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st padoku odstranit. Halo, oblouk ukotven\u00fd k \u0161asi ve t\u0159ech bodech nad kokpitem, vznik\u00e1 jako n\u00e1vrh Mercedesu, kter\u00fd v srpnu 2015 zve\u0159ej\u0148uje jeho video, a n\u00e1sledn\u011b jej vyv\u00edj\u00ed a testuje FIA. Reakc\u00ed byla vlna odporu: o\u0161kliv\u00fd, kaz\u00ed ducha z\u00e1vod\u011bn\u00ed, br\u00e1n\u00ed ve v\u00fdhledu. Byly to tyt\u00e9\u017e m\u011bs\u00edce, kdy motorsport truchlil pro Julese Bianchiho, kter\u00fd zem\u0159el v \u010dervenci 2015 po dev\u00edti m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch v k\u00f3matu v d\u016fsledku nehody v Suzuce z \u0159\u00edjna 2014.<\/p>\n

V \u010dervenci 2017 FIA p\u0159esto rozhodla, \u017ee bude povinn\u00fd od roku 2018 ve Formuli 1, Formuli 2 a Formuli E, pot\u00e9 od roku 2019 ve Formuli 3 a od roku 2022 ve Formuli 4. Mus\u00ed vydr\u017eet 125 kilonewton\u016f, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dvan\u00e1ct tun. T\u0159in\u00e1ct\u00e9ho kv\u011btna 2018 se ve Formuli 2 v Barcelon\u011b stal jezdec Tadasuke Makino jeho prvn\u00edm beneficientem v z\u00e1vod\u011b, kdy\u017e v\u016fz Nirei Fukuzumiho najel na bok jeho monopostu a zadn\u00ed kolo skon\u010dilo na Halu. Dvan\u00e1ct\u00e9ho z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2021 skon\u010dil v Monze Red Bull Maxe Verstappena na Mercedesu Lewise Hamiltona: prav\u00e9 zadn\u00ed kolo se dotklo vrcholu p\u0159ilby a oblouk zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed odklonil. Hamilton \u0159ekl, \u017ee mu to zachr\u00e1nilo krk. Dnes u\u017e nikdo nenavrhuje jeho odstran\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Paradox, kter\u00fd d\u011bl\u00e1 rok 2026 zaj\u00edmav\u00fdm<\/h2>\n

Nazv\u011bme „dvoj\u00edm omezen\u00edm“ podm\u00ednku, v n\u00ed\u017e motorsport odjak\u017eiva konstruuje a kter\u00e1 je v sezon\u011b 2026 vyslovena jasn\u011bji ne\u017e kdy d\u0159\u00edv. Leto\u0161n\u00ed vozy jsou leh\u010d\u00ed a men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e p\u0159edchoz\u00ed: minim\u00e1ln\u00ed hmotnost kles\u00e1 na 768 kilogram\u016f oproti 800 v roce 2025, rozvor se zkracuje z 3600 na 3400 milimetr\u016f a \u0161\u00ed\u0159ka z 2000 na 1900. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 FIA zp\u0159\u00edsnila homologaci. Ochrann\u00fd oblouk za hlavou jezdce se zkou\u0161\u00ed p\u0159i 20 g m\u00edsto 16 a se zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm o 23 %; ochrana proti bo\u010dn\u00edmu proniknut\u00ed u boku palivov\u00e9 n\u00e1dr\u017ee byla v\u00edce ne\u017e zdvojn\u00e1sobena; a p\u0159\u00ed\u010f m\u00e1 dvoustup\u0148ovou konstrukci, tak\u017ee po prvn\u00edm n\u00e1razu z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 struktura schopn\u00e1 pohltit druh\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Ubrat t\u0159icet dva kilogram\u016f a z\u00e1rove\u0148 zv\u00fd\u0161it pevnost konstrukce jsou dva po\u017eadavky, kter\u00e9 t\u00e1hnou opa\u010dn\u00fdm sm\u011brem. Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto je ten p\u0159edpis zaj\u00edmav\u00fd: nut\u00ed z\u00edskat v\u00edc bezpe\u010dnosti z m\u00e9n\u011b materi\u00e1lu, co\u017e je shodou okolnost\u00ed \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed probl\u00e9m automobilov\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu posledn\u00edch dvaceti let, kde ka\u017ed\u00fd u\u0161et\u0159en\u00fd kilogram znamen\u00e1 z\u00edskan\u00fd dojezd nebo u\u0161et\u0159en\u00e9 emise.<\/p>\n

Ledoborec<\/h2>\n

Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy motorsportu funguj\u00ed jako ledoborec, kter\u00fd otev\u00edr\u00e1 cestu zbytku pr\u016fmyslu, i kdy\u017e je nam\u00edst\u011b b\u00fdt p\u0159esn\u00fd v tom, co led skute\u010dn\u011b prorazilo. Karbonov\u00fd monokok p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed do Formule 1 s McLarenem MP4\/1 v roce 1981 a na s\u00e9riov\u00fd v\u016fz a\u017e v roce 2003, s Mercedesem SLR McLaren: dvaadvacet let rozd\u00edlu. Rekuperace brzdn\u00e9 energie vstupuje do Formule 1 jako KERS v roce 2009 a dnes je v ka\u017ed\u00e9m hybridu na silnici. Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed bu\u0148ka, tedy sama my\u0161lenka, \u017ee kokpit m\u00e1 b\u00fdt tuhou strukturou, kter\u00e1 se nedeformuje, zat\u00edmco se v\u0161e ostatn\u00ed ob\u011btuje, poch\u00e1z\u00ed odtud.<\/p>\n

Jin\u00e9 v\u011bci putovaly opa\u010dn\u00fdm sm\u011brem, a je spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 to \u0159\u00edct. Kontrola trakce se zrodila na s\u00e9riov\u00e9m voze, Buicku Riviera z roku 1971, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dvacet let p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e opravdu fungovala ve Formuli 1. Neho\u0159lav\u00e9 tkaniny jsou v\u00fdvojem chemick\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu, kter\u00fd z\u00e1vod\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159evzalo, nikoli vynalezlo. A syst\u00e9m HANS, vznikl\u00fd v motorsportu v polovin\u011b osmdes\u00e1t\u00fdch let a ve Formuli 1 povinn\u00fd od roku 2003, se na b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 vozy nikdy nedostal. P\u0159enos existuje, ale nen\u00ed ani automatick\u00fd, ani jednosm\u011brn\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Je to p\u0159enos pomal\u00fd a m\u00e1lo vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00fd, proto\u017ee do na\u0161ich aut doraz\u00ed bez \u0161t\u00edtku a bez data. Nikdo si p\u0159i nased\u00e1n\u00ed do auta nepomysl\u00ed, \u017ee struktura, kter\u00e1 ho chr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i \u010deln\u00edm n\u00e1razu, poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze s\u00e9rie zkou\u0161ek, je\u017e vznikly proto, aby n\u011bkdo p\u0159e\u017eil p\u0159i 300 km\/h. A p\u0159esto tam je.<\/p>\n

Pro\u010d se to t\u00fdk\u00e1 i t\u011bch, kdo kupuj\u00ed sponzoring<\/h2>\n

D\u016fvod, pro\u010d by tento p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh m\u011bl zaj\u00edmat firmu, nen\u00ed sentiment\u00e1ln\u00ed. Je j\u00edm to, \u017ee bezpe\u010dnost je jednou z m\u00e1la oblast\u00ed, v nich\u017e motorsport produkuje v\u00fdsledky ov\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9 k\u00fdmkoli, a ov\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9 v oblasti, j\u00ed\u017e je lidsk\u00fd \u017eivot a kterou nen\u00ed t\u0159eba vysv\u011btlovat \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 spr\u00e1vn\u00ed rad\u011b.<\/p>\n

Dodavatel kompozitn\u00edch materi\u00e1l\u016f, brzdov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f, palubn\u00ed elektroniky, technick\u00fdch textili\u00ed nebo simula\u010dn\u00edho softwaru, kter\u00fd vstupuje do Formule 1<\/a>, do MotoGP<\/a> nebo do Formule E<\/a>, nekupuje jen viditelnost: kupuje zku\u0161ebn\u00ed stav, kter\u00fd \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 laborato\u0159 nereprodukuje, a p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh, kter\u00fd marketingov\u00e9 odd\u011blen\u00ed nemus\u00ed vym\u00fd\u0161let. Je to rozd\u00edl mezi tvrzen\u00edm, \u017ee v\u00fdrobek je spolehliv\u00fd, a uk\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00edm, kde byl vyzkou\u0161en.<\/p>\n

Je to tak\u00e9 d\u016fvod, pro\u010d motorsport zauj\u00edm\u00e1 mezi sporty neobvykl\u00e9 postaven\u00ed. \u017dije sou\u010dasn\u011b jako z\u00e1bava, jako pr\u016fmyslov\u00fd v\u00fdzkum a jako re\u00e1ln\u00e9 riziko, a ty t\u0159i roviny nelze odd\u011blit. Odstranit riziko by znamenalo odstranit d\u016fvod, pro\u010d se ty technologie vyv\u00edjej\u00ed; nechat je bez protiopat\u0159en\u00ed by znamenalo vr\u00e1tit se do let, kdy n\u011bkdo zem\u0159el ka\u017edou sezonu.<\/p>\n

Co zb\u00fdv\u00e1 ud\u011blat<\/h2>\n

Ot\u00e1zka, kterou si federace klade po desetilet\u00ed, zn\u00ed nesmysln\u011b: m\u016f\u017ee dvacet voz\u016f jet 350 km\/h po trati \u0161irok\u00e9 dev\u011bt metr\u016f v naprost\u00e9m bezpe\u010d\u00ed? Poctiv\u00e1 odpov\u011b\u010f zn\u00ed ne, v naprost\u00e9m bezpe\u010d\u00ed ne. U\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1 odpov\u011b\u010f zn\u00ed, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd rok se hranice posune o kousek d\u00e1l a \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd posun d\u0159\u00edve \u010di pozd\u011bji doraz\u00ed na silnici.<\/p>\n

Grosjean a Zhou vy\u0161li ze sv\u00fdch voz\u016f po vlastn\u00edch nohou proto, \u017ee \u010dty\u0159icet let n\u011bkdo tu hranici posouval, \u010dasto proti n\u00e1zoru t\u011bch, kdo pova\u017eovali protiopat\u0159en\u00ed za o\u0161kliv\u00e1 nebo p\u0159ehnan\u00e1. Stoj\u00ed za to si to p\u0159ipomenout poka\u017ed\u00e9, kdy\u017e je nov\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed pravidlo p\u0159ijato s nevol\u00ed, proto\u017ee n\u00e1klad toho pravidla je vid\u011bt hned a jeho p\u0159\u00ednos se uk\u00e1\u017ee a\u017e v den, kdy je pot\u0159eba.<\/p>\n

K tomuhle je Formule 1. Ne k ur\u010den\u00ed, kdo jede nejrychleji, to je jen z\u00e1minka. K objevov\u00e1n\u00ed toho, v podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 by nikdo dobrovoln\u011b nevytv\u00e1\u0159el, jak daleko lze posunout ochranu \u010dlov\u011bka uvnit\u0159 pohybuj\u00edc\u00edho se objektu.<\/p>\n

Zdroje:<\/strong> Formula 1, zaveden\u00ed Hala od roku 2018<\/a>; FIA Foundation, Halo a nehody, v nich\u017e chr\u00e1nilo jezdce<\/a>; Mercedes-AMG F1, zm\u011bny \u0161asi a p\u0159edpis\u016f pro rok 2026<\/a>; Crash.net, pravidla 2026 mezi aerodynamikou, \u0161asi a motorem<\/a>.<\/p>\n

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\u010cast\u00e9 dotazy k Formuli 1 a bezpe\u010dnosti<\/b><\/h2>\r\n \r\n
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\r\n Co je Halo a od kdy je povinn\u00e9?<\/b>\r\n <\/h3>\r\n\r\n
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Je to titanov\u00fd oblouk o hmotnosti zhruba dev\u00edti kilogram\u016f, ukotven\u00fd k \u0161asi ve t\u0159ech bodech nad kokpitem, kter\u00fd chr\u00e1n\u00ed hlavu jezdce p\u0159ed n\u00e1razy a \u00falomky a mus\u00ed vydr\u017eet 125 kilonewton\u016f, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dvan\u00e1ct tun. Koncept navrhl Mercedes v srpnu 2015 a byl rozv\u00edjen s FIA, kter\u00e1 v \u010dervenci 2017 rozhodla o jeho povinnosti od roku 2018 ve Formuli 1, Formuli 2 a Formuli E, pot\u00e9 od roku 2019 ve Formuli 3 a od roku 2022 ve Formuli 4.<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n <\/div>\r\n
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\r\n Ochr\u00e1nilo Halo skute\u010dn\u011b jezdce?<\/b>\r\n <\/h3>\r\n\r\n
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Ano, v n\u011bkolika dolo\u017een\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech. T\u0159in\u00e1ct\u00e9ho kv\u011btna 2018 ve Formuli 2 v Barcelon\u011b najel v\u016fz Nirei Fukuzumiho na bok monopostu Tadasuke Makina a zadn\u00ed kolo skon\u010dilo na Halu. Dvan\u00e1ct\u00e9ho z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2021 v Monze skon\u010dil Red Bull Maxe Verstappena na Mercedesu Lewise Hamiltona: prav\u00e9 zadn\u00ed kolo se dotklo vrcholu p\u0159ilby a Halo zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed odklonilo. T\u0159et\u00edho \u010dervence 2022 v Silverstone ochr\u00e1nilo Zhou Guanyua p\u0159i p\u0159evr\u00e1cen\u00ed ve vysok\u00e9 rychlosti a s\u00e1m jezdec to ve\u0159ejn\u011b p\u0159ipsal tomuto prvku.<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n <\/div>\r\n
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\r\n Co se m\u011bn\u00ed v roce 2026 pro bezpe\u010dnost ve Formuli 1?<\/b>\r\n <\/h3>\r\n\r\n
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Vozy jsou leh\u010d\u00ed a kompaktn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed: minim\u00e1ln\u00ed hmotnost 768 kilogram\u016f oproti 800 v roce 2025, rozvor z 3600 na 3400 milimetr\u016f, \u0161\u00ed\u0159ka z 2000 na 1900. Soub\u011b\u017en\u011b je p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed homologace: ochrann\u00fd oblouk se zkou\u0161\u00ed p\u0159i 20 g m\u00edsto 16 a se zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm o 23 %, ochrana proti bo\u010dn\u00edmu proniknut\u00ed u boku n\u00e1dr\u017ee byla v\u00edce ne\u017e zdvojn\u00e1sobena a p\u0159\u00ed\u010f je dvoustup\u0148ov\u00e1, aby po prvn\u00edm n\u00e1razu z\u016fstala struktura schopn\u00e1 pohltit druh\u00fd.<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n <\/div>\r\n
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\r\n Kter\u00e9 technologie Formule 1 se dostaly na s\u00e9riov\u00e9 vozy?<\/b>\r\n <\/h3>\r\n\r\n
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T\u0159i nejpevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jsou karbonov\u00fd monokok, p\u0159edstaven\u00fd McLarenem MP4\/1 v roce 1981 a na s\u00e9riov\u00e9m voze poprv\u00e9 v roce 2003 u Mercedesu SLR McLaren, samotn\u00fd koncept tuh\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed bu\u0148ky a rekuperace brzdn\u00e9 energie, kter\u00e1 vstoupila do Formule 1 jako KERS v roce 2009 a dnes je v ka\u017ed\u00e9m hybridu. Dv\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 p\u0159edstavy je naopak t\u0159eba up\u0159esnit: kontrola trakce se zrodila na s\u00e9riov\u00e9m voze, Buicku Riviera z roku 1971, d\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e fungovala ve Formuli 1, a syst\u00e9m HANS z\u016fstal z\u00e1vodn\u00ed technologi\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se na silni\u010dn\u00ed vozy nikdy nep\u0159enesla.<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n <\/div>\r\n
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\r\n Pro\u010d by pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 firma m\u011bla sponzorovat motorsport?<\/b>\r\n <\/h3>\r\n\r\n
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Proto\u017ee z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 z\u00e1rove\u0148 viditelnost a zku\u0161ebn\u00ed stav. Pro dodavatele komponent\u016f, materi\u00e1l\u016f, elektroniky nebo softwaru je z\u00e1vod provozn\u00ed podm\u00ednkou, kterou \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 laborato\u0159 nereprodukuje, a v\u00fdsledek lze z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm i potenci\u00e1ln\u00edm z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm uk\u00e1zat bez pot\u0159eby reklamn\u00ed argumentace.<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n <\/div>\r\n
\n\r\n <\/div>\r\n \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dvac\u00e1t\u00e9ho dev\u00e1t\u00e9ho listopadu 2020 ztr\u00e1c\u00ed na okruhu Bahrain International Circuit v Sakhiru Haas Romaina Grosjeana kontrolu p\u0159i 241 km\/h, nar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed do svodidla p\u0159i 192 km\/h se \u0161pi\u010dkou 67 g, proraz\u00ed je a vzplane. O dvacet sedm sekund pozd\u011bji vych\u00e1z\u00ed jezdec z plamen\u016f po vlastn\u00edch nohou. T\u0159et\u00edho \u010dervence 2022 dost\u00e1v\u00e1 v Silverstone Alfa Romeo Zhou Guanyua […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":191834,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20232,20238],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-293625","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-formule-1-cs","category-sportovni-marketing-cs"],"acf":[],"contentshake_article_id":"","yoast_head":"\nK \u010demu je Formule 1? 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